Much debate and controversy exists in scientific literature about the dynamics and apparent benefit of the combined forms of reproduction in honey bees and other social insects, known as the haplodiploid sex-determination system. This sequence – 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and so on – is the Fibonacci sequence. Three generations back are three members. Two generations back are two members (the mother and father of the mother). One generation back also has one member (the mother). The first generation has one member (the male). This process is called arrhenotokous parthenogenesis or simply arrhenotoky.īecause the male bee technically has only a mother, and no father, its genealogical tree is unusual. The result is a haploid egg, with chromosomes having a new combination of alleles at the various loci. During the development of eggs within a queen, a diploid cell with 32 chromosomes divides to generate haploid cells called gametes with 16 chromosomes. Genetics Drones are haploid, growing from unfertilised eggs by arrhenotoky.ĭrones carry only one type of allele at each chromosomal position, because they are haploid (containing only one set of chromosomes from the mother). His only role is to mate with a maiden queen in nuptial flight. He does not gather nectar or pollen and cannot feed without assistance from worker bees. Unlike the female worker bee, a drone has no stinger.
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